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Displaying internal force...

Displaying internal forces in surfaces

To visualize the internal forces in plates and slabs, first click , and select the chosen partial result from these options:

Representation of the shear force in the plane perpendicular to the axis x’.
Representation of the shear force in the plane perpendicular to the axis z’.
Representation of the bending moments around the axis z’.
Representation of the bending moments around the axis x’.
Representation of the torsion moments.
Representation of the first principal moment.
$= \frac{1}{2} (M_{xx} + M_{zz} + \sqrt{(M_{xx} - M_{zz})^{2}+ 4\cdot M_{xz}^{2}})$
Representation of the second principal moment.
$= \frac{1}{2} (M_{xx} + M_{zz} - \sqrt{(M_{xx} - M_{zz})^{2}+ 4\cdot M_{xz}^{2}})$
Representation of the directions of principal moments.
Representation of the normal forces parallel to the axis x’
Representation of the normal forces parallel to the axis z’.
Representation of the shear forces in the plane.
Representation of the first principal normal force.
$= \frac{1}{2} (N_{xx} + N_{zz} + \sqrt{(N_{xx} - N_{zz})^{2}+ 4\cdot N_{xz}^{2}})$
Representation of the second principal normal force.
$= \frac{1}{2} (N_{xx} + N_{zz} - \sqrt{(N_{xx} - N_{zz})^{2}+ 4\cdot N_{xz}^{2}})$
Representation of the directions of the principal normal forces.

Notes:

All these results are expressed per length unit.
The principal moments M₁ and M₂ and the principal normal forces N₁ and N₂ are calculated with the use of Mohr’s circle starting from the moments (M_xx, M_zz and M_xz) and the normal forces (N_xx, N_zz and N_xz) respectively, on two small perpendicular planes. Principal directions that are expressed by small arrows proportional to the size of principal moments and principal normal forces. No torsion moment (M_xz) and no shear forces (N_xz) act on the small planes parallel to the principal directions.
The inner forces are always depicted along the local axes of a slab or plate:

Representation of the inner forces in a slab

Representation of the inner forces in a plate