{"id":3163,"date":"2018-07-26T14:35:56","date_gmt":"2018-07-26T14:35:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/?post_type=ht_kb&#038;p=3163"},"modified":"2025-04-15T15:08:01","modified_gmt":"2025-04-15T15:08:01","slug":"what-is-the-difference-between-the-reinforcement-patterns-and-why-is-one-more-economic-than-another","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/knowledge-base\/what-is-the-difference-between-the-reinforcement-patterns-and-why-is-one-more-economic-than-another\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the difference between the reinforcement patterns and why is one more economic than another?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>You can determine how the reinforcement should be distributed over the section in 3 ways: optimised, identical or p<span style=\"color: initial;\">roportional. But they don&#8217;t result in the same reinforcement. And the default option &#8216;optimised&#8217; is not always the most economic distribution&#8230; This article explains what each pattern does and why some results in a more economic design than others.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1>Example<\/h1>\n<p>We&#8217;ll explain the difference using an example column (model can be downloaded at the end of this article):<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-4225 size-medium aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPatterns1-103x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"103\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPatterns1-103x300.png 103w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPatterns1-17x50.png 17w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPatterns1-21x60.png 21w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPatterns1-12x35.png 12w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPatterns1.png 170w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 103px) 100vw, 103px\" \/><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Length = 3,5m, rectangular cross section 200mm x 300mm, Concrete C35\/45, concrete cover = 45mm on all sides<\/li>\n<li>Built-in at the buttom, horizontally supported at the top<\/li>\n<li>Point load 1200kN dead load at the top of the column, self-weight is neglected<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The option &#8216;Verify buckling for additional eccentricity of 20mm&#8217; <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-2122\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/KnopKnikParameters.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"37\" height=\"36\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/KnopKnikParameters.png 37w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/KnopKnikParameters-35x35.png 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 37px) 100vw, 37px\" \/> is turned on. This results in an additional bending moment that will be applied in 4 directions. Thus we optain 4 load situations to be taken into account for the reinforcement calculation, namely (in the images below the point load represented by \u2a02 and the bending moment with \u21e8) :<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3232\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"869\" height=\"86\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0.jpg 869w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0-300x30.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0-768x76.jpg 768w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0-50x5.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0-60x6.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern0-35x3.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The maximum allowable reinforcement percentage is 4% (EN 1992-1-1 \u00a79.2.1.1 (3)). So if Diamonds ends up with more than 4% \u22c5 200 mm \u22c5 300mm = <strong>2400 mm\u00b2<\/strong> reinforcement, a skull is\u00a0shown on the element with the reinforcement results. Follow <a href=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/knowledge-base\/how-to-show-the-reinforcement-results-behind-a-skull\/\">these <\/a>steps, if you want to see the results behind the skull.<\/p>\n<h3>Optimised<\/h3>\n<p>If we calculate the reinforcement according to an &#8216;optimized&#8217; pattern, Diamonds will find the most economic reinforcement amount for each of the 4 load situations. Resulting in the following reinforcement:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4229\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-1024x242.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"868\" height=\"205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-1024x242.png 1024w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-300x71.png 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-768x181.png 768w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-50x12.png 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-60x14.png 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1-35x8.png 35w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern1.png 1255w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>We obtain 491mm\u00b2 and 813 mm\u00b2 longitudinal reinforcement on the tensile side.<\/li>\n<li>The value &#8216;100mm\u00b2&#8217; is irrelevant because in the enveloppe (= the result you see in Diamonds), it will be overruled by the tensile reinforcement of the other load situation.<br \/>\nIn the images the 100mm\u00b2 is arbitrary chosen because it&#8217;s an intermediate result that can&#8217;t be consulted in Diamonds.<\/li>\n<li>The total required longitudinal reinforcement is\u00a0 2 \u22c5 491mm\u00b2\u00a0 + 2 \u22c5 813mm\u00b2 = <strong>2608mm\u00b2<\/strong>. This is <strong>more<\/strong> than the maximum allowable (2400mm\u00b2), so a skull will be shown.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Identical<\/h3>\n<p>If we calculate the reinforcement according to an &#8216;identical&#8217; pattern, Diamonds will calculate every load situation assuming there is X mm\u00b2 on all sides. For each load situation separetely, this is not the most economic reinforcement amount, but when the enveloppe<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3167 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"868\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2.jpg 868w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2-768x183.jpg 768w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2-50x12.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2-60x14.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern2-35x8.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 868px) 100vw, 868px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>For each load situation separetely, this is not the most economic reinforcement amount, but when the enveloppe is taken, it becomes more economic than &#8216;optimised&#8217;.<\/li>\n<li>The total required longitudinal reinforcement is 4 \u22c5 453mm\u00b2 = <strong>1812mm\u00b2<\/strong>.\u00a0This is <strong>less<\/strong> than the maximum allowable, so no skull will be shown.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Proportional<\/h3>\n<p>If we calculate the reinforcement according to an &#8216;Proportional&#8217; pattern, Diamonds will calculate the reinforcement for the 4 load situations assuming that the amount of reinforcement is proportional to the length over which it is placed.<br \/>\nIf X mm\u00b2 reinforcement is placed on the longest sides, then there will be (200mm &#8211; 2 \u22c5 45mm) \/ (300mm &#8211; 2 \u22c5 45mm) \u22c5 X mm\u00b2 = 0.52 \u22c5 X mm\u00b2 on the shortest sides.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3187\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"886\" height=\"205\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3.jpg 983w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3-300x69.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3-768x177.jpg 768w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3-50x12.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3-60x14.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/ReinforcementPattern3-35x8.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Again for each load situation separetely, this is not the most economic reinforcement amount, but when the enveloppe is taken, it becomes more economic than &#8216;optimised&#8217; and &#8216;identical&#8217;.<\/li>\n<li>The total required longitudinal reinforcement is 2 \u22c5 306mm\u00b2 + 2 \u22c5 585mm\u00b2 \u00a0=\u00a0<strong>1782mm\u00b2<\/strong>.\u00a0This is\u00a0<strong>less<\/strong>\u00a0than the maximum allowable, so no skull will be shown.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Conclusion<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8216;Optimised&#8217; is the default distribution pattern, but it is not always the most economic pattern.<\/li>\n<li>It is possible a column is not sufficiant with one distribution pattern, but is sufficiant with another distribution pattern.<\/li>\n<li>We advise you to choose &#8216;Identical&#8217; when the column has a square cross section. This limits errors in the assembly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>You can determine how the reinforcement should be distributed over the section in 3 ways: optimised, identical or proportional. But they don&#8217;t result in the same reinforcement. And the default option &#8216;optimised&#8217; is not always the most economic distribution&#8230; This article explains what each pattern does and why some results&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"ht-kb-category":[68],"ht-kb-tag":[263,1208,430,432,433,370,431,1209],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/3163"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3163"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/3163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15135,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/3163\/revisions\/15135"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=3163"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=3163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}