{"id":4613,"date":"2019-09-24T16:15:12","date_gmt":"2019-09-24T16:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/?post_type=ht_kb&#038;p=4613"},"modified":"2024-10-23T07:31:25","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T07:31:25","slug":"what-is-the-difference-between-a-support-and-a-boundary-condition","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/knowledge-base\/what-is-the-difference-between-a-support-and-a-boundary-condition\/","title":{"rendered":"What is the difference between a support and a joint?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A structure consists of <strong>supports <\/strong>and <strong>joints <\/strong>connecting the elements (= beam, column, plate, wall, &#8230;) in the structure.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The way elements in the structure are connected with each other\u00a0are called &lsquo;<strong>joints\u2019<\/strong>.<br \/>\nSometimes the terms \u00ab\u00a0boundary conditions\u00a0\u00bb or \u00ab\u00a0hinge\u00a0\u00bb are also used.<\/li>\n<li>The way\u00a0elements in the structure\u00a0are connected to the ground\/ this planet are\u00a0called &lsquo;<strong>supports\u2019<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Supports<\/h2>\n<p>Supports concern two aspects:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The translational stiffness of a support: the resistance of the support against moving<\/li>\n<li>The <strong>rotational stiffness<\/strong> of a support: the resistance of the support against rotating.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Diamonds is 3D software, so a support has 6 <strong><u>d<\/u>egrees <u>o<\/u>f <u>f<\/u>reedom (DOF)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Displacement in the direction of the global X-axis<\/li>\n<li>Displacement in the direction of the global Y-axis<\/li>\n<li>Displacement in the direction of the global Z-axis<\/li>\n<li>Rotation around the global X-axis<\/li>\n<li>Rotation around the global Y-axis<\/li>\n<li>Rotation around the global Z-axis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>It\u2019s possible to make an arbitrary combination in the limitations of the different DOF, but these 3 are used the most frequent:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>How it looks in real life<\/th>\n<th>Mechanical representation<\/th>\n<th>How it looks in Diamonds<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-4621\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"472\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1.jpeg 472w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1-300x297.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1-50x50.jpeg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1-60x60.jpeg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports1-35x35.jpeg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 472px) 100vw, 472px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-4624\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"403\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports4.jpg 403w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports4-252x300.jpg 252w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports4-42x50.jpg 42w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports4-50x60.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports4-29x35.jpg 29w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4648 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support7-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"330\" height=\"60\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support7-1.jpg 330w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support7-1-300x55.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support7-1-50x9.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support7-1-60x11.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support7-1-35x6.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Roller support: displacement in the Y and Z-direction is fixed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-4622\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"465\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2.jpeg 465w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2-150x150.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2-298x300.jpeg 298w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2-50x50.jpeg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2-60x60.jpeg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports2-35x35.jpeg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 465px) 100vw, 465px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-4625\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"403\" height=\"298\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports5.jpg 403w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports5-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports5-50x37.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports5-60x44.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports5-35x26.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 403px) 100vw, 403px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4649 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support8-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"346\" height=\"59\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support8-1.jpg 346w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support8-1-300x51.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support8-1-50x9.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support8-1-60x10.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support8-1-35x6.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pin support: Roller support: displacement in the X, Y and Z-direction is fixed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-4623\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports3.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"481\" height=\"464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports3.jpeg 481w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports3-300x289.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports3-50x48.jpeg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports3-60x58.jpeg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports3-35x35.jpeg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4626\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"404\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports6.jpg 404w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports6-300x222.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports6-50x37.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports6-60x44.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Supports6-35x26.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4650 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support9-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"51\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support9-1.jpg 51w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support9-1-11x50.jpg 11w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Support9-1-13x60.jpg 13w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 51px) 100vw, 51px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Fixed support: all displacements and rotations are fixed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Joints<\/h2>\n<p>Joints (sometimes referred to as <em>boundary conditions)<\/em> are related to the level in which moments, normal and shear force can be transmitted between components itself.<\/p>\n<p>Diamonds is 3D software, so a joint has the same 6 <strong>DOF<\/strong> as a support.<\/p>\n<p>Although it\u2019s possible to make an arbitrary combination in the limitations of the different DOF, an internal hinge (line) is used the most frequent. Here, the transmission of moment between the parts mutually is prevented.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>How it looks in real life<\/th>\n<th>How it looks in Diamonds<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4618 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition1-300x289.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition1-300x289.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition1-50x48.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition1-60x58.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition1-35x35.jpg 35w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition1.jpg 489w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2 beam are connected with a tooth joint. This type of join is not capable of transferring moments.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4642 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"52\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition4.jpg 293w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition4-50x9.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition4-60x11.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition4-35x6.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 293px) 100vw, 293px\" \/> A hinge was placed on one of the two beams. Not on both!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4619 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition2-300x292.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition2-300x292.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition2-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition2-60x58.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition2-35x35.jpg 35w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition2.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Truss bridge: no moment transfer in the nodes<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4643 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"351\" height=\"149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition5.jpg 351w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition5-300x127.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition5-50x21.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition5-60x25.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition5-35x15.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 351px) 100vw, 351px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hinges have been placed on the bar ends so no moment transfer can occur. If a node has N bars, there should be a hinge on N-1 bars. Not on N bars, because this results in a mechanism!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4620 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3-300x297.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"297\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3-300x297.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3-60x60.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3-35x35.jpg 35w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition3.jpg 469w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Thermal dilatation joint: in this type of joint the structure is cut into two parts allowing thermal dilatation. The connection between het two parts (often a rubber band) is not capable of transferring moments.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4644 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"298\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition6.jpg 298w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition6-50x31.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition6-60x38.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/BoundardyCondition6-35x22.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>To simulate this in Diamonds, a hinge line was added to one side (it doesn\u2019t matter left or right) of the slabs. Not on both sides because than it would be a mechanism!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Boundary conditions between bars mutually can be defined using the button <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-1056\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/KnopScharnieren.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"34\" height=\"34\" \/>. Boundary conditions between a bar and a surface of between two or more surfaces can be defined using the button <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-4310\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/KnopRandvoorwaardenPlaatrand.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"36\" height=\"38\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/KnopRandvoorwaardenPlaatrand.png 36w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/KnopRandvoorwaardenPlaatrand-33x35.png 33w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 36px) 100vw, 36px\" \/>. <strong>Default Diamonds assumes ALL components can transfer ALL type of forces. <\/strong>So if you want a fixed joint between two components, you don\u2019t have to do anything specific, it\u2019s default this way!<\/p>\n<h2>Practical examples<\/h2>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>How it looks in real life<\/th>\n<th>How it looks in Diamonds<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" rowspan=\"2\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4629 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"355\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical1.jpg 355w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical1-300x247.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical1-50x41.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical1-60x49.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical1-35x29.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The column is connect to the foundation using reinforcement. The column and the foundation work as one unit.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-4633 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"55\" height=\"216\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical5.jpg 69w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical5-13x50.jpg 13w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical5-15x60.jpg 15w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical5-9x35.jpg 9w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 55px) 100vw, 55px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If the foundation isn\u2019t modelled, itshould be replaced by a fixed support.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4634 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"292\" height=\"275\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical6.jpg 292w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical6-50x47.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical6-60x57.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical6-35x33.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 292px) 100vw, 292px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If the foundation is modelled, supports should be added below it. This can be a spring constant or soil layers. The horizontal displacements in the global X and Z direction will be set fixed.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" rowspan=\"2\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4630 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"232\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical2.jpg 232w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical2-39x50.jpg 39w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical2-47x60.jpg 47w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical2-27x35.jpg 27w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The beam rests on a corbel using a bearing pad. The bearing pad can\u2019t transfer moments.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-4635 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"214\" height=\"59\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical7.jpg 261w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical7-50x14.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical7-60x17.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical7-35x10.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 214px) 100vw, 214px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If the column is NOT modelled, the beam should have a pinned support.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4636 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"197\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical8.jpg 197w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical8-41x50.jpg 41w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical8-50x60.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical8-29x35.jpg 29w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 197px) 100vw, 197px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If the column is modelled, the beam should have a hinge at his end.<\/p>\n<p>The corbel is not modelled in Diamonds.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\" rowspan=\"2\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4631 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"302\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical3.jpg 302w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical3-300x246.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical3-50x41.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical3-60x49.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical3-35x29.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Two hollow core slabs rest on a beam (without a connection with reinforcement). The beam is supported by two columns.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4637 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical9.jpg 275w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical9-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical9-60x60.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical9-35x35.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If the beam is NOT modelled, it can be represented by a pinned line support (if the bending stiffness of the beam is large in comparison to those of the plate).<\/p>\n<p>Between the hollow core slabs there should be one hinge line.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4638 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"284\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical10.jpg 284w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical10-50x50.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical10-58x60.jpg 58w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical10-35x35.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 284px) 100vw, 284px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>If the beam is modelled and the columns are NOT, then the columns should be replaced with a pinned support (eventual with a <a href=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/knowledge-base\/how-to-model-a-wall-or-a-column-as-a-spring\/\">spring constant<\/a> in the Y direction). Because now the beam is modelled between the hollow core slabs, two hinge lines are required.<\/p>\n<p>More information on the beam-plate interaction in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/knowledge-base\/how-to-define-the-correct-beam-plate-interaction\/\">this\u00a0<\/a>article.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4632 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical4.jpg 320w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical4-300x238.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical4-50x40.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical4-60x48.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical4-35x28.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Two slabs are cast together with the beam below. The reinforcement (simply representation in the image) ensures the transfer of the internal forces between the beam and plates.<\/p>\n<p>This causes the cross section to act as a T -section. When loaded with bending, a compressive force will arise in the slab and a tensile force in the beam.<\/p>\n<p>The beam is supported by two columns.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-4639 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"387\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical11.jpg 387w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical11-300x218.jpg 300w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical11-50x36.jpg 50w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical11-60x44.jpg 60w, https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Practical11-35x25.jpg 35w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 387px) 100vw, 387px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Because the slabs can work together with the beam as a T-section, the beam is modelled eccentric in Diamonds.<\/p>\n<p>More information on the beam-plate interaction in <a href=\"http:\/\/buildsoftsupport.com\/knowledge-base\/how-to-define-the-correct-beam-plate-interaction\/\">this <\/a>article.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A structure consists of supports and joints connecting the elements (= beam, column, plate, wall, &#8230;) in the structure. The way elements in the structure are connected with each other\u00a0are called &lsquo;joints\u2019. Sometimes the terms \u00ab\u00a0boundary conditions\u00a0\u00bb or \u00ab\u00a0hinge\u00a0\u00bb are also used. The way\u00a0elements in the structure\u00a0are connected to the&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"ht-kb-category":[59],"ht-kb-tag":[222,220,226,225,224,219,227,223,354,218,217,228,229,221],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/4613"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4613"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/4613\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13789,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/4613\/revisions\/13789"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4613"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=4613"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=4613"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}