{"id":14251,"date":"2025-02-11T10:06:49","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T10:06:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/?post_type=ht_kb&#038;p=14251"},"modified":"2025-06-06T09:18:06","modified_gmt":"2025-06-06T09:18:06","slug":"dc-ec-12-longitudinal-reinforcement-in-beam-under-pure-bending-uls-fi-design","status":"publish","type":"ht_kb","link":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/knowledge-base\/dc-ec-12-longitudinal-reinforcement-in-beam-under-pure-bending-uls-fi-design\/","title":{"rendered":"DC EC 12: longitudinal reinforcement in beam under pure bending (ULS FI design)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Description<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14445 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/DC-EC-02a.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"156\" \/><br \/>\n<div class=\"su-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th rowspan=\"3\">Geometry<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">Cross-section:<\/td>\n<td><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2ad5c1ddc9a62fba7ec01167cb9b4fb7_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#098;&#061;&#049;&#053;&#048;&#092;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"88\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-64ba2cff52a3ca924505833d2044f7ed_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#104;&#061;&#051;&#053;&#048;&#092;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"91\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">Material:<\/td>\n<td>C35\/40<br \/>\nany SLS checks in this material have been turned off<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\">Concrete cover:<\/td>\n<td><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-efe43dd13aa2a5279d163c01a3fab88b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#099;&#061;&#052;&#048;&#092;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"79\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Internal forces<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><\/td>\n<td><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-40f6a47646d43dcefe97736c926f3a05_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#077;&#095;&#123;&#069;&#100;&#046;&#085;&#076;&#083;&#032;&#070;&#073;&#125;&#061;&#054;&#048;&#092;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#107;&#078;&#109;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"165\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px\" \/><br \/>\nULS FC is neglected<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Fire conditions<\/th>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><\/td>\n<td>75min of ISO 834 fire<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th>Standard<\/th>\n<td><\/td>\n<td>EN 1992-1-2 [- -]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h2>Independent reference results<\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Open handcalculations<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<h4>Thermal results<\/h4>\n<p>The procedure to perform a fire design can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/knowledge-base\/how-to-do-fire-design\/\">here<\/a>. This article supposes you know the workflow.<br \/>\nFrom the thermal analysis <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-7092\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/KnopThermischeRespons.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"24\" height=\"25\" \/> , we can reduct the following results:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The area where the temperature exceeds 500\u00b0C, doesn&rsquo;t contribute to the resistance. It is completely neglected, as if it wasn&rsquo;t there.<br \/>\nThe area of the reduced cross-section: <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-db3e2eb83ef37bfb7f254aff95e1f78b_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#65;&#95;&#123;&#99;&#44;&#84;&#125;&#61;&#32;&#50;&#53;&#52;&#51;&#56;&#46;&#54;&#109;&#109;&#94;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"21\" width=\"155\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15163\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"652\" \/><\/li>\n<li>The temperature of the tensile reinforcement equals\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 19px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bb7b43fa48c5278134f5df8ef3fe6355_l3.png\" height=\"19\" width=\"115\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#95;&#123;&#115;&#44;&#84;&#125;&#61;&#32;&#53;&#52;&#48;&#46;&#56;&#94;&#123;&#92;&#99;&#105;&#114;&#99;&#125;&#67;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-33f861643083c4fd74e698da8cf88b46_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#95;&#123;&#115;&#44;&#84;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"28\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> will be used to reduce the yielding strength of steel.<br \/>\nThe mean temperature over all reinforcements equals<\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 19px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-65290c0f1fd71f92b674b2125ff489a1_l3.png\" height=\"19\" width=\"358\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#95;&#123;&#115;&#44;&#109;&#101;&#97;&#110;&#125;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#46;&#53;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#40;&#53;&#52;&#48;&#46;&#56;&#94;&#123;&#92;&#99;&#105;&#114;&#99;&#125;&#67;&#43;&#53;&#52;&#53;&#46;&#52;&#94;&#123;&#92;&#99;&#105;&#114;&#99;&#125;&#67;&#41;&#61;&#52;&#57;&#55;&#46;&#54;&#94;&#123;&#92;&#99;&#105;&#114;&#99;&#125;&#67;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-630df57c7148406552cba34dcddc07fe_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#116;&#104;&#101;&#116;&#97;&#95;&#123;&#115;&#44;&#109;&#101;&#97;&#110;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"18\" width=\"51\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/> will be used to reduce young&rsquo;s modulus of steel.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15165\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c2b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"478\" \/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Using these temperatures we can calculate the reduction on the yielding streng and young&rsquo;s modulus of steel. The concrete strength is not reduced, because it&rsquo;s assumed that concrete below 500\u00b0C, keeps its full strength.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The reduction factor for the yielding strength (EN 1992-1-2 Table 3.2a) becomes <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0cb777047a44f23292323037f6e8ad3d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#115;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#46;&#54;&#53;&#52;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"81\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/><\/li>\n<li>The reduction factor for the young&rsquo;s modulus (EN 1992-1-2 Table 3.2a) becomes <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-3ea1e3d7bf57eec80faac568a73817b9_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#69;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#48;&#46;&#54;&#48;&#50;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"15\" width=\"84\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Using Section Utility, you can consult the reduced the cross section. The reduced section is no longer a nice rectangle (see image below), but a \u00ab\u00a0rounded rectangle\u00a0\u00bb. Diamonds will calculate the deformation states of this new shape, but that calculation not suitable for hand calculations. As an alternative, we&rsquo;ll approximate the rounded rectangle with a rectangle. The hand calculation results will deviate from the Diamonds results, but they&rsquo;ll be of the same magnitude.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>By double clicking a point at the very top of bottom, you can find half of maximum height of the reduced cross-section: 141.36mm. Multiply that by two and you have the height of the recuded cross section (= 282.64mm).<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15171 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" \/><br \/>\nThe tensile reinforcement was at the distance of <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2fc215736a49a77ac3da08d17ba50e19_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#51;&#53;&#48;&#109;&#109;&#47;&#50;&#45;&#52;&#48;&#109;&#109;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#49;&#51;&#53;&#109;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"228\" style=\"vertical-align: -5px;\"\/> from the center line of the cross-section. So the concrete coverage in the reducted cross-section equals <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-015685cc4a3c9b71d233248708fd978e_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#49;&#52;&#49;&#46;&#51;&#50;&#109;&#109;&#45;&#49;&#51;&#53;&#109;&#109;&#32;&#61;&#32;&#54;&#46;&#51;&#50;&#109;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"245\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>. Resulting in a useful height of <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-74262e93112398f46d50837b0cfcb117_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#50;&#56;&#50;&#46;&#54;&#52;&#109;&#109;&#45;&#54;&#46;&#51;&#50;&#109;&#109;&#61;&#50;&#55;&#54;&#46;&#51;&#109;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"13\" width=\"260\" style=\"vertical-align: 0px;\"\/>.<\/p>\n<p>From which you can deduct the &lsquo;mean reduced width&rsquo;: <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f74bc8e79a7c3a07682ba1f68212e32d_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#98;&#39;&#61;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#65;&#95;&#123;&#99;&#46;&#84;&#125;&#125;&#123;&#104;&#39;&#125;&#61;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#50;&#53;&#52;&#51;&#56;&#46;&#54;&#109;&#109;&#125;&#123;&#50;&#55;&#54;&#46;&#51;&#109;&#109;&#125;&#61;&#57;&#48;&#109;&#109;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"24\" width=\"238\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Reinforcement calculation<\/h4>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 41px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1b1e9b6d5045601c236144ca65b2f4f1_l3.png\" height=\"41\" width=\"457\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#109;&#117;&#32;&#95;&#100;&#61;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#77;&#95;&#123;&#69;&#100;&#46;&#85;&#76;&#83;&#32;&#70;&#73;&#125;&#125;&#123;&#98;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#100;&#94;&#50;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#102;&#95;&#123;&#99;&#100;&#125;&#125;&#61;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#54;&#48;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#107;&#78;&#109;&#125;&#125;&#123;&#57;&#48;&#46;&#48;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#40;&#50;&#55;&#54;&#46;&#51;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;&#41;&#94;&#50;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#51;&#53;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#77;&#80;&#97;&#125;&#125;&#61;&#48;&#46;&#50;&#52;&#57;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p>This is a well chosen example: an example for which the deformation state <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bcc5fdc81ba669dd58972d7f51a329ed_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#120;&#105;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> (NL: vervormingstoestand) will be between the boundaries 0 and 0.617. Within these boundaries the reinforcement efficiancy <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-72875fe35f5f804d7eeac0be099ecec2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#115;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"11\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> equals 1 [L. Vanhooymissen, Gewapend beton]. Meaning that we can use the Table 3 from <em>Gewapend beton: numeri<\/em>\u00a0 to determine the reinforcement amounts. The table (<a href=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/DC-EC-01-Table-3.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">click here to open<\/a> the Table) shows <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-39b5b79e0c1cc9359734b8e484fcfda6_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#111;&#109;&#101;&#103;&#97;&#32;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"11\" width=\"17\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> as a function of <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f09354e4009f2c9d4bebd910552b7a83_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#109;&#117;&#32;&#95;&#100;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"12\" width=\"19\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/>, and we find the values below.<br \/>\n<strong>Note that this won&rsquo;t work for every beam loaded with fire<\/strong>. <strong>For deformation states <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bcc5fdc81ba669dd58972d7f51a329ed_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#120;&#105;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> outside those boundaries, the reinforcement efficiancy <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-72875fe35f5f804d7eeac0be099ecec2_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#115;&#95;&#49;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"11\" width=\"14\" style=\"vertical-align: -3px;\"\/> is a function of steels young&rsquo;s modulus and yielding strength. But both depend upon the temperature of the reinforcement steel&#8230; While Table 3 assumes that the reinforcement steel is at room temperature (cold state)!\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 16px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f38a640947ad57377c84944fc03699ce_l3.png\" height=\"16\" width=\"73\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#120;&#105;&#61;&#48;&#46;&#51;&#54;&#51;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 14px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-aaee5c4e5c49d2f0ee045df4b008bb6d_l3.png\" height=\"14\" width=\"84\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#92;&#111;&#109;&#101;&#103;&#97;&#32;&#95;&#49;&#61;&#48;&#46;&#50;&#57;&#52;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ql-center-displayed-equation\" style=\"line-height: 43px;\"><span class=\"ql-right-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><span class=\"ql-left-eqno\"> &nbsp; <\/span><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7e79bdb223bc00390f1a363ab8d2d456_l3.png\" height=\"43\" width=\"584\" class=\"ql-img-displayed-equation quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#091;&#65;&#95;&#123;&#115;&#49;&#125;&#61;&#92;&#111;&#109;&#101;&#103;&#97;&#32;&#95;&#49;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#98;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#100;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#102;&#95;&#123;&#99;&#100;&#125;&#125;&#123;&#107;&#95;&#115;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#102;&#95;&#123;&#121;&#100;&#125;&#125;&#61;&#48;&#46;&#50;&#57;&#52;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#57;&#48;&#46;&#48;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#50;&#55;&#54;&#46;&#52;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#109;&#109;&#125;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#92;&#102;&#114;&#97;&#99;&#123;&#49;&#54;&#46;&#55;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#77;&#80;&#97;&#125;&#125;&#123;&#48;&#46;&#54;&#53;&#52;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#53;&#48;&#48;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#77;&#80;&#97;&#125;&#125;&#61;&#55;&#56;&#51;&#109;&#109;&#94;&#50;&#92;&#093;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\"\/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>Open calculation using Section Utility<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">\n<p>Because this model falls withing the limits of <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bcc5fdc81ba669dd58972d7f51a329ed_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#120;&#105;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> being between 0 and 0.617 (see handcalculations for explanation), we could also use the Section Utility profile to verify Diamonds. To do so:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Open the reduced cross-section in Section Utility.<br \/>\nGo to <em>File<\/em> &gt; <em>Save As<\/em> and save the cross-section somewhere on your computer.<br \/>\nClose the fire results.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15176\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Go to <em>Edit<\/em> &gt; <em>Material librar<\/em>y.\n<ul>\n<li>Make a copy of the material <em>C35\/45 (only ULS design)<\/em>. This is the material that is currently assigned to the beam. Name the copied material <em>C35\/45 (only ULS FI design).<\/em><\/li>\n<li>Set the partial safety factor for concrete equal to 1.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-15173\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Set the partial safety factor for the reinforcement steel equal to 1<br \/>\nAlso change the yielding strength of the reinforcement steel to <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-798d46db17a3f7912054d3e20e3493c5_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#107;&#95;&#115;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#102;&#95;&#123;&#121;&#100;&#125;&#61;&#48;&#46;&#54;&#53;&#52;&#32;&#92;&#99;&#100;&#111;&#116;&#32;&#53;&#48;&#48;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#77;&#80;&#97;&#125;&#125;&#61;&#51;&#50;&#54;&#46;&#55;&#92;&#116;&#101;&#120;&#116;&#123;&#77;&#80;&#97;&#125;&#125;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"19\" width=\"294\" style=\"vertical-align: -6px;\"\/>.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15177\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c6c.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"521\" \/><\/li>\n<li>Note that this dialog doesn&rsquo;t allow us to adjust young&rsquo;s modulus for the reinforcement steel.\u00a0 That&rsquo;s why we have to make sure <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bcc5fdc81ba669dd58972d7f51a329ed_l3.png\" class=\"ql-img-inline-formula quicklatex-auto-format\" alt=\"&#92;&#120;&#105;\" title=\"Rendered by QuickLaTeX.com\" height=\"16\" width=\"8\" style=\"vertical-align: -4px;\"\/> remains within the imposed boundaries in order to be able to use this workflow.<\/li>\n<li>Save the changes and close this dialog.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Go to the geometry configuration <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-2121\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/GeometryConfiguration.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"22\" height=\"26\" \/>. Make a copy of the current beam.<\/li>\n<li>Select the copied beam and open this dialog <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-2350\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/ButtonSectionDialog.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"32\" height=\"34\" \/>.<br \/>\nSelect a Section Utility cross-section and open Section Utility. Load in the reduced cross section.<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-15179 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1032\" \/><br \/>\nDouble click the cross-section and change the material to <em>C35\/45 (only ULS FI design).<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15178\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"506\" \/><\/em>Close Section Utility. Send the cross-section to Diamonds.<\/li>\n<li>Go to the loads configuration <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-1778\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/ButtonLoadsConfiguration.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"24\" height=\"27\" \/> and remove the fire load from the copied beam (because the section is already reduced due to fire).<\/li>\n<li>Run the thermal <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-7092\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/KnopThermischeRespons.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"24\" height=\"25\" \/> and elastic analysis <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-7895\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/KnopElastischeAnalyse.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" \/>. Calculate the reinforcement <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"img_inline alignnone size-full wp-image-3859\" style=\"color: initial;\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/ButtonReinforcement.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"23\" height=\"23\" \/>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2>Diamonds results and comparison<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-15172 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/DC-EC-12c4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"366\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Longitudinal reinforcement calculated by Diamonds (EN 1992-1-2 [- -])<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-table\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Results<\/th>\n<th>Independent reference<br \/>\n(hand calculations)<\/th>\n<th>Independent reference<br \/>\n(Section utility calculation)<\/th>\n<th>Diamonds<\/th>\n<th>Difference to hand calculation<\/th>\n<th>Difference to Section Utility calculation<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">Maximum longitudinal reinforcement<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">783 mm\u00b2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">817 mm\u00b2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">818 mm\u00b2<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">4,4%<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center\">0,25%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>EN 1992-1-1: 2005 + AC: 2010<\/li>\n<li>EN 1992-1-2: 2004\/A1:2019<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lannoocampus.be\/nl\/producten\/technische-wetenschappen-algem\/gewapend-beton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Van Hooymissen, L., Spegelaere, M., Van Gysel, A., &amp; De Vylder, W. (2002). <i>Gewapend beton<\/i>. Academia Press<\/a><br \/>\nKeep in mind that the calculations in this book are made done using the NBN B15-002\/ ENV 1992-1. Both old standards. However, this book still remains a good reference if you want to understand how reinforcement calculations work.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/opac.kbr.be\/Library\/doc\/SYRACUSE\/20753137\/gewapend-beton?_lg=nl-BE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gruyaert, E., &amp; Minne, P. (2019). Gewapend beton: numeri<\/a>.<br \/>\nThis reference is a summary of <i>Gewapend beton (2002) <\/i>but with updated formula and principles according to EN 1992-1-1. This document contains multiple graphs and tables helping the design of reinforced concrete.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Tested in Diamonds 2026.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Description Independent reference results Diamonds results and comparison Longitudinal reinforcement calculated by Diamonds (EN 1992-1-2 [- -]) References EN 1992-1-1: 2005 + AC: 2010 EN 1992-1-2: 2004\/A1:2019 Van Hooymissen, L., Spegelaere, M., Van Gysel, A., &amp; De Vylder, W. (2002). Gewapend beton. Academia Press Keep in mind that the calculations&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"ht-kb-category":[1213],"ht-kb-tag":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/14251"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/ht_kb"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14251"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/14251\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15305,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb\/14251\/revisions\/15305"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14251"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-category?post=14251"},{"taxonomy":"ht_kb_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.buildsoft.eu\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ht-kb-tag?post=14251"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}