The bending moment is drawn on the tensile side of the member

• If the upper side (z’ > 0 or y’ > 0) is subjected to tension, the bending moment is positive.
• If the lower side (z’ < 0 or y’ < 0) is subjected to tension, the bending moment is negative.

The sign of the shear force depends on the variation of the corresponding moment.

• Ascending curve for the bending moment → shear force is negative
• Descending curve for the bending moment → shear force is positive

The sign of the reactions depends on its direction:

• If the reaction goes in the same direction as the global coordinate system, the sign is positive.
• If the reaction goes in the opposite direction of the global coordinate system, the sign is negative.

The sign of the stresses depends on which stresses you’re looking at:

• Stresses in bars → if the stress occurs on the positive side of the local coordinate system, the sign is positive. The 4 sub results already make a distinction between compression and tension.
• Stresses in cross-section and in surfaces → compressive stress is negative, tensile stress is positive.
  In surfaces, the stresses are drawn on the tensile side of the element.
• The concrete/steel stresses in a reinforced concrete section using the advanced detailed results → compression stress is positive, tensile stress is negative